The heating system is an absolute must in order to be able to operate any building without problems during the winter. By degree prevalence heating systems with "water circuits" - with the circulation of the coolant through pipes, hold the leading position. However, in order for such a scheme to work smoothly, preliminary and periodic preventive and control measures are required, which will help to confirm the normal operation of the system at its initial start-up, or to identify problem areas after a certain period of its operation.

The act of pressure testing of the heating system is drawn up after carrying out hydraulic tests, which will determine the readiness for operation of the mounted circuits and all installed equipment in them.

What is crimping and when is it done?

Pressure testing is a set of testing measures that are guaranteed to determine the tightness of the heating system. Carrying out these test works is necessary in the following cases:

• After the full completion of the initial installation - upon commissioning of the home heating system.
• Before the start of the heating season of an already installed system.
• After carrying out repair or maintenance work on the pipelines of the heating system.
• When carrying out measures for the repair of individual parts of the system, after emergencies, such as pipe breakthrough, to identify the "front of work" and the weakest sections - for their possible replacement.

Pressure testing is carried out by pumping air or water into the heating system under high pressure using a pneumatic or hydraulic pump. At the same time, places are identified where the tightness of the joints is broken, that is, air or water seeping out is detected. In fact, situations of critical values \u200b\u200bof the load on the heating system are simulated artificially, for example, the occurrence of a powerful water hammer in it.

Pressure testing is a mandatory test procedure for a heating system

During these measures, undamaged system parts with the required safety margin will not be affected in any way. But weak points, for example, pipes worn out by long-term operation or poorly assembled, leaky "sealed" connecting nodes, when supplied to the high pressure system will immediately reveal themselves.

An autonomous heating system installed in an apartment of a multi-storey building, in some cases, it is recommended to check with a compressor using pneumatic pressure testing, in order to avoid water seepage to the lower floors.

Video: why do you need to pressurize the heating system at home

Sequence of work

When carrying out work, it is necessary to take into account the characteristic features of the existing heating system in order to correctly determine what pressure can be applied during pressure testing. These parameters include:

- type of heating system wiring.

- characteristics of the existing pipes, that is, their age, wall thickness, material from which they are made;

- the number of floors in the building;

- characteristics shut-off valves.

After the main parameters have been clarified, you can begin to carry out the main control and verification activities, which in total include:

- preparation of equipment;

- draining the old coolant to be replaced;

- injection of test fluid and creation of the required pressure in the heating system;

- final flushing, filling the system with standard coolant;

- preparation of the necessary documents on the work performed.

If, during the above stages, damaged parts of the system are found, then it will be necessary to stop the tests and proceed to eliminate the identified flaws. After repair and sealing unsuccessful tests plots, a complex of crimping measures are carried out anew. If after this no damage is found, then the system is considered to be in good working order, having successfully passed the test procedures.

The importance of pre-flushing pipes

Starting measures for flushing and pressure testing the heating system, primarily it is necessary to disconnect it from the water supply and remove the heat carrier.

Before performing test procedures on systems that have already been operated for a certain time, it is recommended to flush the heating circuit pipes. This operation can be performed in different ways, but its main purpose is to clean the inner surfaces of the pipes from scale, rust, salt and other deposits that have grown during the operation of the heating system.

Surprisingly, even thin build-ups, no more than 1 - 1.5 mm, already reduce the effective heat transfer of heating devices by almost 15%. In addition, they reduce the diameter of the pipes, slowing down the circulation of the coolant, significantly increasing the unnecessary load on the pine equipment, on the heating boilers - all this gives a very significant waste of energy, affecting the economy of the heating system at home. Therefore, they must be removed regularly, otherwise the imbalance in the heating system will affect the wallet of the home owners or the level of comfort in the premises. For example, the batteries may heat up unevenly, since the coolant cannot enter some of their sections due to the formed scale.

Isn't it - a terrible picture of growths in the pipes before cleaning?

In addition, deposits in pipes erode metal over time, exuding the walls, making them vulnerable to high pressure, since oxides of copper, calcium, zinc, magnesium or sulfur can be found in the scale. It is of little use to pressurize an uncleaned pipe, since there will be no "purity of the experiment".

Flushing and cleaning can be done with an electric or manual compressor. For preventive purposes, it is carried out periodically, usually every 4 ÷ 6 years of system operation.

System flushing methods

Flushing is carried out in different ways and using various means:

• Pneumatic impact - this method consists in using a kind of "shock wave" for testing, which contributes to the detachment of plaque accumulated on the inner surface of the pipes. After this procedure, the plaque is easily washed away by flushing after the pneumatic shock.
• Hydrochemical flushing using special chemicals is used to dissolve and remove salt deposits. However, it should be used in combination with other methods, since it is not effective for removing silt deposits usually accumulating in the lower parts of the system.
• The pneumohydraulic method or bubbling is a complex effect on internal deposits on pipes, when running water and compressed air are simultaneously supplied to the system under pressure. This method helps to very quickly and effectively clean the pipe from all layers.
• Complex flushing includes all of the above means and is most effective, especially with severe contamination or with small pipe diameters.

Hydro-pneumatic tests

Typically, the processes of flushing and control pressure testing are carried out immediately after the end of the heating season. This makes it possible to identify in advance the flaws that have appeared in ulcerative places, and there is a lot of time left - the entire summer season, for carrying out current or major repairs. And so that the system is completely ready for the beginning of the next heating season, it is tested again in advance after filling with a coolant in the fall.

So, if you imagine the whole process, then it goes in the following order:

• At the end of the heating season (in mid or late April), it is immediately checked in what condition the shut-off valves, elevator and heating units, as well as pipeline risers, if work is carried out in multi-storey buildings, are in what condition.
• Further, a preventive flushing of the riser pipes is carried out, which will clear the blockages gathered during the season.

• Then, an audit is carried out for leaks of all components and other elements of the heating system, which must be immediately eliminated in order to avoid a more serious accident that may occur at the beginning of the next heating season.
• It is imperative to control the thermal insulation of pipes in open areas and in basements.
• After preparing the system in the manner described above, test activities can be carried out immediately, without waiting for the heating season to approach. The system, tested and filled with the standard coolant, will calmly be ready for the autumn start-up, since the pressure under which it was pressurized, much higher than the working one, and, therefore, its tightness is fully tested.

Actually, the tests themselves are carried out as follows:

- the system is being filled with a coolant;

- further, a manual or electric press is connected to the system, and the pressure rises to the test level, in accordance with the requirements of SNiP, Rules technical operation power plants, current sanitary rules and regulations.

The test pressure is generated using special equipment - manual or electrified pumps with built-in instrumentation.

So, to control the created pressure level, a pressure gauge with an accuracy class of at least 1.5, with a case diameter of at least 160 mm, a division price of not more than 0.1 kgf / cm² (0.1 "technical atmosphere" or 0 , 01 MPa). The maximum value of the scale of the device must be at least 4/3 of the test pressure. The pressure gauge must be properly calibrated and sealed by an authorized metrological government organization.

What should be the test pressure values:

• Pressure testing of the main pipes of the heating plant to the house after their installation should be carried out under test pressure not less 16 kgf / cm² (1.6 MPa). In this case, no pressure drop should be recorded during the 5 minutes of testing. Then, the pressure is reduced to working, and in this state, a thorough inspection of all assemblies, connections, branches, shut-off or control valves is carried out. The test will be considered successful if there are no signs of breakthroughs, leaks, fogging on stuffing boxes or flanges, etc.

During test pressure tests of in-house heating distribution, it is assumed that when a new system is started up, a pressure is usually applied that is one and a half to two times higher than the operating pressure. If a heating system that has already been tested in operation is tested, then a pressure increase of 25-50% will be sufficient.

The specific value of the test pressure largely depends on the appliances installed in the heating system. For convenience, these indicators can be shown in the table:

Types of systems, types of installed equipment	Test pressure during pressure testing (kgf / cm ²)
Water heating installations for heating and hot water supply systems, air heaters, elevator units	Based on 1.25 of the working pressure, but not lower than 10 kgf / cm²
Heating systems for multi-storey buildings with installed cast-iron radiators or heating registers	Based on 1.25 of the working pressure, but not more than 6 kgf / cm ²
Heating systems with heat exchange devices of panel or convector type (steel, bimetallic, aluminum)	Not less than 10 kgf / cm ²
Hot water circuits	Based on the working pressure plus 5 kgf / cm², but not more than 10 kgf / cm²

the temperature of the water in the system during the test did not shouldand exceed 40 - 45 ° C. Pressure testing is never carried out in the event that there is a possibility of lowering the air temperature in the premises to negative temperatures. Before pressurizing, all the necessary operations are carried out to remove air locks and completely release air from the entire system.

• With water or steam heating systems, the pressure drop for 5 minutes of testing did not exceed 0.2 kgf / cm² (0.02 MPa).
• If panel heat exchangers are used, then the pressure drop during 15 minutes of pressure testing should not decrease by more than 0.1 kgf / cm² (0.01 MPa).
• If a hot water supply system is outlined, then the indicators of the permissible pressure drop are up to 0.5 kgf / cm² (0.05 MPa) within 10 minutes.
• In all cases, cases of any leakage, wetting (fogging) on welds or in connection units, on shut-off or control valves.

A decrease in any pressure indicators above the permissible ones is a direct sign that there is a leak in the system that must be identified and eliminated. Without exception, all heating devices, connecting nodes and tp... Particular attention is always paid to especially difficult, hidden areas - for example, those falling on the transitions between floors, walled up in walls or filled with screeds.

After the completion of repair work on the identified leakage areas, hydraulic tests are carried out again - in full. This will continue until the system passes the pressure test in all parameters. After that, the coolant pressure is reduced to working, and you can proceed to drawing up and certifying the certificate of the tests performed.

Crimping act

Pressure testing activities are carried out by authorized specialized organizations for the maintenance of heating systems, which control the area on which the residential structure is located. In apartment buildings crimping specialists from relevant services carrying out maintenance of this area of \u200b\u200bpublic utilities.

Owners of private houses should apply for testing activities to the district offices of the heating organizations or to private companies. Certified specialists, whose qualifications are confirmed by documents on admission to such work, who have special equipment and have the skills to work with it, will carry out all the necessary stages of verification.

But even if the work is carried out independently, “at your own peril and risk,” all the same, after their completion, it will be necessary to conduct a control test in the presence of an inspector who draws up a pressure test report.

The form of the act must necessarily be with the master who was engaged in the performance of these works, or with the inspector who will accept them.

The document itself must necessarily include the following data:

• The length and name (detailed description) of the site or system where work was carried out.
• Tools and test equipment with which test activities were carried out.
• The parameters of the created baric load and the duration of the pressure test.
• Instrument readings obtained as a result of tests.
• At the end of the act, signature - customer, the acceptance inspector - a representative of the organization that carried out the pressure testing, as well as the number of the personal certificate of the responsible specialist.

If the work is carried out in apartment buildings, then the public utilities are responsible for their implementation.

If tests are to be carried out in a private home, the responsibility for carrying out these procedures lies with the owner of the building.

Since the crimping act is an important legal document, which says that the heating system is in good working order and ready for operation, it is necessary to check the accuracy and correctness of its filling. The data should be located in the lines intended for them, the records should not have corrections and blots.

The act of pressure testing can become a voucher in case of an emergency, but it can also serve as proof of the organization's guilt, carried out work, which will allow the owner of the building to receive insurance compensation.

In addition to the act of test measures, the water utility inspector must check the water for hardness. A sample of the coolant is taken from the tap of the heating system and sent to the laboratory for analysis for the content of calcium and magnesium salts in it. The norm for this indicator is 75 - 96 units. If the water taken for the sample corresponds to these parameters, then it is considered that the heating system is ready for operation.

How much does pressure testing cost?

After the pressure testing, an estimate is drawn up, which lists all the activities done, from which the total cost of the work is then calculated. It is very difficult to talk about a specific amount, since the spread in this matter is huge. It depends on the region, and on the pricing policy of a particular organization, and on its equipment with equipment and staffing with qualified personnel. In addition to these, probably for the most part - subjective reasons, there are also a number of other parameters that predetermine the amount of total costs:

• Workload.

It depends on the number of rooms in the house and the total length and ramifications heating system. The more premises, the higher the cost of work will be.

• The state of the heating system.

If it is new, or the previous pressure testing was carried out relatively recently, say, a year ago, then the cost of work will be lower than when cleaning and checking the old system, which was last subjected to preventive maintenance 4 ÷ 5 years ago.

• The number of detected defects and damages, the volume and complexity of repair and restoration work.

If, during pressure testing, defects in units or damage to pipes were found that require replacement or repair, then these problems are eliminated by the master, and the cost of these works is also included in the estimate. Plus, repeated tests will also be required.

The total cost of crimping test work is formed from the total price for all the activities performed.

Video: how is the pressure test of the collector heating system in the house

In order for the heating system of the house to serve for a long time and effectively cope with its direct functional duties, without delivering unnecessary xlogs to the owners, one cannot do without its periodic testing by pressure testing. If a private house is installed heating system, then the processes for its regular cleaning followed by checking are simply necessary, since they will help not only keep the pipes in working order for a long time, but also save on fuel. The system, cleared of scale and dirt, gives much greater heat transfer than the one that is overgrown with scale.

It is recommended to always trust the conduct of such preventive and control and audit events for professionals who perform the entire range of tasks professionally, immediately draw up and issue the necessary documents to the owners.

Replacing pipelines is an expensive option to improve your heating system. High-quality flushing of the system allows you to eliminate various contamination of pipes, which lead to a significant decrease in the heating temperature of heating equipment.

Pipes before and after flushing.

High fuel consumption and low heating temperature of the heating system are the most important indicators of the need to clean the system.

The procedure for organizing cleaning works

The heat carrier in the pipes is water, which has various contaminants that settle and condense on the walls of the pipelines. They interfere with the normal circulation and functioning of the coolant, cause blockage of pipes and radiators.

The flushing organization should:

• pre-inspect equipment;
• issue an act for hidden operations;
• select a cleaning technology;
• draw up an estimate for flushing the heating system and a contract;
• perform work;
• to conduct secondary pressure testing of equipment;
• fill out the deed form.

The act of flushing the heating system is an important document certifying the completion of work for specialized organizations engaged in such services.

Heating pipe pressing process.

The equipment is pressurized with water or air. She must certify the correctness of the work.

One of the methods for assessing the technical condition of equipment is pressure testing, which reveals all faults before starting work. The pressure should be greater than the standard, but not less than 2 atmospheres.

To check with air, use a pump and a special pressure gauge that measures the pressure in the system. If the pressure does not change, then the equipment is hermetically sealed, and if it decreases, you need to look for a place where the leak occurs and eliminate the malfunction.

An act is drawn up for various hidden operations: dismantling of radiators, disconnection of flanges, preparatory work. Further, the cleaning technology is selected, but in most cases the hydropneumatic method is used.

The estimate for flushing the heating system includes the price of fuel, depreciation of equipment, reagents.

Then an agreement is drawn up, which specifies the main points of cooperation:

• service cost;
• calculation procedure;
• deadlines;
• the amount of fines in case of default on obligations;
• obligations and responsibilities of the parties;
• the procedure for terminating the contract.

After the end of cleaning, a secondary pressure test is carried out and the equipment operability is checked. The flushing certificate form is filled in, where the customer assesses the quality of the service.

Registration of the document is carried out immediately after the end of the work. If the terms of the contract are not met and the quality of the service does not suit the customer, the document is not signed until all the shortcomings and malfunctions are eliminated.

Methods for flushing heating systems

There are 3 main methods for cleaning equipment:

• hydropneumatic;
• dynamic;
• chemical.

The hydropneumatic method consists in using hot or cold water, into which a jet of compressed air is mixed from the compressor, creating a wave and air bubbles. Pressurized liquid removes all deposits and scale on the walls of the pipelines. Then they draw up an equipment flushing act.

Heating system flushing equipment.

Chemical flushing is carried out using various chemicals and a container that is equipped with a pump. Used reagents must be disposed of by a specialist.

The chemical method is often used for purification work, because tap water used in heating systems does not have good characteristics.

The dynamic method is the removal of scale, rust, chemical deposits, sodium and calcium salts using special nozzles that create high pressure (water hammer).

The modern method is the Typhoon pneumatic gun, which allows you to spot cleaning of radiators and eliminate blockages in water pipes.

Sometimes a complex flushing of equipment is performed, which has several advantages:

• democratic price;
• the ability to clean pipes with small cross-sectional diameters and complex structures;
• bulk cleaning;
• execution of works in a short time.

Watch the video and study the sequence of work when cleaning equipment from contamination.

Features of registration of the flushing act

To control the quality of work, water is taken in different parts of the heating system.

Sample documents.

The easiest way to check is this: in the entrances or apartments, they unscrew the blind radiator plugs and assess the quality of the work. There may be water or silt on the radiator cap, but there should be no solid particles.

Then a flushing certificate is drawn up, which should contain the following information:

• method of cleaning the heating system;
• water consumption, if there are metering devices;
• water temperature (if flushing was performed with hot water);
• service quality assessment: satisfactory or unsatisfactory;
• signatures of persons responsible for the work;
• date of the service.

If the act has a unified form, then a special form is drawn up. For a sample of a flushing act, various organizations use documents that may differ in details, but the content of the document must necessarily comply with the state quality standard.

(Document)

Letchford A.N., Shinkevich V.A. Executive documentation in construction (Document)

Cheat Sheets - Organization of construction production (Cheat Sheet)

Abstract Restoration of buildings and structures (Abstract)

Komkov V.A. Maintenance of buildings and structures (Document)

RSN 8.01.102-2007 Collection of resource estimates for the construction of temporary buildings and structures (Document)

RSN 8.03.105-2007 Collection 5. Pile works. Drop wells. Securing Soils (Document)

Litvinova O. O, Belyakova Yu.I. Construction production technology (Document)

I. S. Moiseev, V. Ya. Shaitanov Inventory Manufacturing Enterprises in Hydropower Construction (Document)

Yudina A.F. Reconstruction and technical restoration of buildings and structures (Document)

Safety rules for the construction of underground structures (Standard)

Technical regulations on fire safety requirements. Federal Law of the Russian Federation of July 22, 2008 N 123-FZ (Standard)

n1.doc

Form of the act of conducting (purging) pipelines
(SNiP 3.05.03-85, Appendix 3)

ACT ON RINSING (PURGE) OF PIPELINES

Commission consisting of:

representative of the construction and installation organization
customer's technical supervision representative
(surname, name, patronymic, position)
representative of the operating organization
(surname, name, patronymic, position)
inspected the work performed
(name of the construction and installation organization)

and drew up this act on the following:

1. Flushing (blowing) of pipelines in the section from the camera (picket, mine) No. _________ to the camera (pickets, mine) No. ____ of the route was presented for examination and acceptance

		length		m.
(pipeline name)
Flushing (blowing) done
(name of medium, pressure, flow rate)

Commission decision:

The works were carried out in accordance with the design estimates, standards, building codes and regulations and meet the requirements of their acceptance.

Appendix 125

Form of the act on the acceptance hydraulic test of the pressure pipeline for strength and tightness
(SNiP 3.05.04-85 *, Attachment 1)

ACT ON CONDUCTING THE ACCEPTANCE HYDRAULIC TEST OF THE PRESSURE PIPELINE FOR STRENGTH AND TIGHTNESS

Commission at composition of representatives:

construction and installation organization
technical supervision of the customer
(name of organization, position, surname, acting)
operating organization
(name of organization, position, surname, acting)

drew up this act on conducting an acceptance hydraulic test for strength and tightness of the pressure pipeline section

The values \u200b\u200bof the calculated internal pressure of the tested pipeline specified in the working documentation R p = ____ MPa (____ kgf / cm 2) and test pressure R u = ___ MPa (____ kgf / cm 2). Measurement of pressure during testing was carried out with a technical manometer of accuracy class ____ with the upper limit of measurements ____ kgf / cm 2. The price of the pressure of the manometer scale is ____ kgf / cm 2. The pressure gauge was located above the pipeline axis at Z =___ m.

With the above values \u200b\u200bof the internal design and test pressures of the tested pipeline, the readings of the pressure gauge P and P should be respectively:

P r.m. \u003d P r –( Z / 10) \u003d _________ kgf / cm 2 , R them. \u003d P and –( Z / 10) \u003d ________ kgf / cm 2 .

The permissible flow rate of pumped water, determined according to Table 6 *, per 1 km of the pipeline is _____ l / min or, in terms of the length of the tested pipeline, _____ l / min.

PERFORMANCE OF THE TEST AND ITS RESULTS:

For strength testing, the pressure in the pipeline was increased to R them. =_ __ kgf / cm 2 and was maintained for ____ min, while its decrease by more than 1.0 kgf / cm 2 was not allowed. After that, the pressure was reduced to the value of the internal design gauge pressure R r.m. = ___ kgf / cm 2 and an inspection of the pipeline nodes in the wells (chambers) was carried out; however, no leaks or ruptures were found and the pipeline was approved for further leak testing. For the leak test, the pressure in the pipeline was increased to the value of the test pressure for tightness R r \u003d P r.m. +? R \u003d ___ kgf / cm 2, the start time of the test is noted T n = ____ h ____ min and the initial water level in the measuring tank h n = ____ mm.

The pipeline tests were carried out in the following order:

During the testing of the pipeline for tightness, the pressure in it according to the pressure gauge was reduced to ____ kgf / cm 2, the time of the end of the test was noted Tk \u003d ____ h ____ min and final water level in the measuring tank h to = ___ mm. The volume of water required to restore the pressure to the test pressure, determined from the water levels in the measuring tank, Q = ___ l.

Duration of pipeline leak test T \u003d T to –T n = ______ minutes

The flow rate of water pumped into the pipeline during the test is: q n = Q / T = ______ l / min, which is less than the allowable flow.

Commission decision:

The pipeline is considered to have withstood acceptance test for strength and tightness.

One of the important stages in the creation and operation of a heating system for a building for any purpose is its pressure testing. Its main purpose in a general sense is to check the quality of the installation, i.e. assessment of the performance of all elements and the tightness of existing connections, identification of hidden defects with their subsequent elimination. At the end of this type of work, to confirm the readiness of the building for a trouble-free heating season, an act of pressure testing of the heating system must be drawn up.

It should be noted that pressure testing is not a single test, it is carried out in the following cases:

• after installing a new heat supply scheme;
• after repair or replacement of any of the elements;
• after the reconstruction of the system or its separate section;
• after carrying out any type of construction work in the building;
• before the start of the heating season.

Figure 1 - Pressure testing of the heating system, as an important measure to check its tightness and performance

Types of tests for pressure testing of heat supply systems

Pressure testing is, first of all, testing heating systems with increased pressure, created with the help of air or water. In accordance with this, they are distinguished:

• pneumatic pressing - its main purpose is to check the tightness of all connections and the system as a whole; for its implementation, electric or manual pneumatic pumps are used that fill pipelines, radiators and other elements with compressed air;

It should be borne in mind that pneumatic testing is a dangerous process, because in the presence of any damage in the system, air is not only quickly released, but also capable of causing significant damage. In this regard, it is not recommended to increase the pressure over 0.15 MPa.

• hydropressure - such tests allow you to check the strength of the system, and to create excess pressure in it, use different kinds hydraulic pumps.

As a rule, the generated pressure during hydraulic pressing should exceed the standard operating pressure by 20-30%, with air - by 40-50%.

The procedure for crimping

1. Before starting the tests, it is recommended to check the condition and performance of the shut-off valves; visually assess the quality of existing connections; isolate the heat supply from the water supply system by means of plugs.
2. Then it is required to turn off the boiler and the expansion tank and pre-flush the pipelines, radiators, etc. from dust, small debris (in the new scheme), from various deposits (in operated systems).
3. When hydraulic tests the system is filled with water (air pressure testing does not require this operation), a compressor is connected to it, as a rule, to a drain cock. After that, the pressure is increased to the required value and its indicators are monitored using a manometer.
   The absence of any changes indicates the tightness and the possibility of operating the system. A drop in pressure beyond the permissible value indicates the presence of any defects. In a heating circuit filled with water, it is not difficult to locate leaks. To be able to detect damage when testing with air, it is recommended to treat all joints and joints with soapy water before starting work.

   The minimum test time for hydraulic pressure testing is 1 hour, for air pressure testing - 20 hours.

4. After troubleshooting, the procedure is repeated. This stage is carried out until the system is tight.
5. 5. At the end of all procedures, a crimping act is drawn up.

Figure 2 - A sample of the heating system pressure test

It should be remembered that crimping is not recommended to be carried out independently, because this process requires special skills and knowledge (including regulatory requirements and documents), as well as adherence to safety measures during testing.

Heating system pressure test

The crimping act is a legally binding document. He confirms that:

• all work and tests were carried out in full and in accordance with the approved program (it is drawn up by an engineer of the heat supply organization);
• the heating equipment is in working order and ready for operation;
• in case of emergencies, responsibility lies with one of the indicated parties (or both), which must compensate for the damage caused.

The act contains several points that must be filled out as fully and accurately as possible. Among them are:

• the name of the object (house, site);
• date and time of crimping;
• tools used for testing;
• system diagnostics parameters (load value, its duration);
• test results;
• information about the carried out repair measures;
• signatures of responsible persons.

Persons responsible for carrying out and results of pressure testing

Pressure testing of heating systems should be carried out:

• a representative of the heat supply organization (inspector, foreman, engineer, technician), who has the necessary certified equipment and certificate forms;
• representatives of the object in which the tests are carried out; in apartment buildings - employees of the management company; in administrative and social facilities - managers and persons from the supervisory organization; in individual buildings - the owners.
• If pressure testing is carried out in a building that is being commissioned, representatives of the customer's and contractor's organizations must be included in the commission.