In the section on the question What questions do the addition, definition and circumstance answer? given by the author Alise Manteson the best answer is Addition (_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _)
A minor member of the sentence, which depends on the predicate or other members of the sentence and answers the questions of indirect cases:
R. P Who? What?
D.P. Who? What?
V.P. Whom? What?
T.P. By whom? How?
P. P 0 com? About what?
They are divided into:
1. direct (from the transitive verb in V. P (Whom? What?) without a preposition)
2. indirect (R. P., D. P, T. P., P. P,)
Definition (wavy line)
A minor member of a sentence that denotes a sign of an object.
Answers the questions:
Which?
Which?
Which?
Which?
Whose?
Whose?
Whose?
Whose?
Whose?
Definitions are divided into: 1. Agreed: are linked according to the method of agreement -
Bus route changed
2. Inconsistent: communicate by connection or control method - Give me a more interesting book
An inconsistent definition can be expressed by an indivisible phrase:
girl (what?) blue eyes Circumstance (_._._._._._._._._)
The secondary member of the sentence, which depends on the predicate and answers the questions:
1. Where?
Where?
Where?
How?
What for?
Why?
2. Since when?
How long?
From what?
How?
For what purpose?
To what extent?
In what degree?
For what reason?
Against what?
3. Time
Places
mode of action
Causes
Goals
terms
concessions
What is a "circumstance"? This concept is considered in the Russian language syntax section. This is a member of the proposal, which is classified as a minor member in terms of importance. All members of the proposal are in some kind of interdependence. The circumstance depends on the predicate. It is a sign of action.
There are eight groups in modern syntax.
What questions does the circumstance in groups answer?
Circumstances Cause - On what grounds? Why?
Circumstances of Time - Since when? When? How long? How long?
Purpose Circumstances - For what purpose? What for?
Circumstances of the course of action - How? How?
Assignment Circumstances - Contrary to what?
Circumstances of measure and degree - How much? In what degree?
Circumstances conditions - Under what condition? Circumstances of the place - Where from? Where? Where?

Secondary members play an important role in the sentence, enriching it, bringing clarity, explaining the subject and predicate. Among them stands out and addition. The error in isolating this minor member is that it is often confused with the subject, especially when it is in the accusative case. To avoid inaccuracies, you need to know what questions the add-on answers. We will talk about this in the article.

General information

The addendum answers the questions of indirect cases. They include everything except the nominative (the subject answers it).

Usually, a question is asked to the addition from the members of the sentence (secondary and main), which are expressed either by verbs or close in meaning to them (participles, gerunds).

Meaning

The values ​​of the complement can be completely different. Let's analyze such relations with the predicate in the sentence and see how the object answers the questions. Examples below.

Olga makes (what?) an injection.

Olga gives an injection (to whom?) to her mother.

Olga makes an injection (with what?) With a syringe.

Sometimes there are additions that depend on verbal nouns and adjectives: conquering the top, moving to the end of the line, fish fried in a pan.

If you systematize the values, taking into account what the complement responds to, you get the following:

1. This minor term defines an object that experiences an action: choose (what?) A profession, wash (what?) linen.
2. The subject in whose interests the action is performed: write to your brother, go to your sister, come to your parents.
3. A means of performing an action or an instrument of labor: write with a pen, swim with a breaststroke, draw with a brush and paints.

What is an addition?

The addition, like the subject, is expressed by the following parts of speech:

1. A noun in the indirect case form or a noun pronoun in the same form. At the same time, the pretext is variable: she went (to whom?) To her mother; satisfied with (what?) work; I think (about whom?) about him; bring (who?) him.
2. Any substantive part of speech (endowed with the function of a noun). Everyone was interested (by whom?) in the reader.
3. Infinitive. The audience asked the troupe (about what?) to dance again.
4. Numerical name. I'll multiply (what?) fifteen (by what?) by ten.
5. Phraseologism. I ask my sister (about what?) not to hang up her nose.

What is the supplement?

Since the object answers the questions of indirect cases, it most often refers to the verb-predicate. In this way, it brings clarity to the main action reported in the sentence. We walk (with whom?) With my daughter through the store. In this case, the addition "with my daughter" extends the verb-predicate "walk".

However, this minor member can also refer to a noun that has some action in its meaning. For example, "He is the driver of (what?) a heavy vehicle." The complement "car" refers to the noun "driver".

Short adjectives are close in form and meaning to the verb-predicate, so this minor term can also apply to them: I am angry (at whom?) At my neighbor. The addition with the preposition "on the neighbor" refers to the short adjective "evil". Less commonly, it refers to the full adjective: Similar (to whom?) To the father.

Often, the addition explains the adverb or adjective in a comparative degree. For example: She looks younger than (what?) her age. Jasmine is more fragrant than (what?) roses.

direct

Depending on what questions the addition answers, it can be either direct or indirect. The first requires setting in the accusative case, and there can be no preposition with it.

Such an addition defines the object of the action. It refers to a transitive verb or adverb. For example: to hate the enemy is direct, it is in the accusative case, and the verb "to hate" is transitive. Another example: I'm sorry for your friend. The complement "friend" refers to the adverb "sorry", which plays the role of a predicate in this sentence.

What questions does a direct complement answer? Only genitive or accusative questions. Let's look at the options:

1. The most common is the accusative form with a missing preposition: We decorated the Christmas tree with the whole family. Complement "Christmas tree" - direct, used in the form of the accusative case, there is no preposition.
2. The genitive form when denoting a part of something whole: I poured tea leaves into a cup, and then diluted with boiling water and put a lemon. The addition of "brewing" is direct, it is in the genitive case. Also Genitive may indicate some result of the action, combined with the value of the quantity: I need to go buy flour and bread.
3. In impersonal sentences, when the adverb acts as a predicate: What a pity for the years spent.

indirect

What questions does the indirect object answer? To all the rest: accusative with a preposition, dative, instrumental and prepositional. The last three can be used with or without a preposition.

• In our childhood dreams there were bright travels and carefree everyday life (indirect additions - dreams, everyday life).
• We pretended to be adults to ride this attraction (indirect addition - adults).
• Talking about the upcoming celebration occupied all the free time (indirect addition - about the celebration).

In the section on the question What question does the supplement answer? given by the author beautiful lady the best answer is APPENDIX answers all questions of indirect cases, that is, everything except the Nominative.
I am reading an interesting (what?) BOOK. -IN. P
I don't have (what?) PENCIL, R. p
The guys came up (to what?) To the RIVER. D. p.
We admire (what?) FLOWERS. T. p.
Daria dreams (about what?) ABOUT HOLIDAYS. (Suggestion p.
And circumstances are ADVERBS, noun. WITH PREPOSITIONS and other parts of speech.
Write in Google "Circumstance", click and read!
Best of all, beautiful fifth-grader, open your Russian textbook. AND TEACH! It’s much easier there than they fantasize about here ...

Answer from Guliza[newbie]
An addition in the syntax of the Russian language is a minor member of a sentence, expressed by a noun or a pronominal noun. The addition denotes an object or person that is the object of the action indicated by the predicate, and answers questions of indirect cases (“what?”, “whom?”, “to whom?” “About whom”, “by whom, etc.).
There is a direct object - an unprepositional object after a transitive verb (in Russian - in the accusative, sometimes in the genitive case) - and an indirect object (in other cases, after prepositions and indirect cases):
The coach handed the young footballer his first soccer ball.
In this sentence, the word footballer is an indirect object, and the word ball is a direct object.
The use of a direct object after a verb is usually more obligatory than an indirect one; in some languages ​​there are sometimes other differences [what?] . There is usually one direct object for a verb, while there can be several indirect objects.
When parsing a sentence, the addition is underlined with a dotted line.

Answer from clearing[newbie]
Addition. this is usually an addition to what has been said. ___ ___ ___ ___ are underlined.
A definition is usually expressed as an adjective. Indicates the attribute of an object. Underlined with a wavy line. What questions? which? Which?

Answer from Neurologist[active]
to the questions of cases

Answer from Special[expert]
The complement answers the questions of indirect cases of nouns: whom, what? to whom; to what? who, what? who, what? About who about what? Underlined with a dotted line.

Answer from Kandinsky-Clerambault[expert]
for all sorts of questions
In general, the topic is well stated on the Internet, I think. Exhaustive.
I went to check myself on Wikipedia - and there is darkness about the addition. . with examples.

An addition is a minor member of a sentence that denotes an object associated with an action and answers questions of indirect cases, usually after the word that spreads. The addition can refer to verbs, nouns, adjectives, adverbs, for example: They believed (in what?) In these scribbles (In these scribbles - an addition). He knew the price (what?) of such talk (such talk is an addition).

The addition can be expressed by nouns, pronouns, less often by quantitative numerals, infinitive, substantiated words, syntactically indivisible phrases, for example: Subtract five from ten. (Five from ten is an addition). They asked him to figure it out (to figure it out - addition).

Direct and indirect additions

Addition denoting the subject to which the action is directly directed called direct. The direct object in a sentence refers to a transitive verb and is expressed in the following forms:

• the form of the unprepositional accusative case of nouns, pronouns, substantivized words, for example: At night I saw (what?) Birches (birch-addition). He saw (who?) me and froze (me - addition).
• a form of the unprepositional genitive case: a) if the addition denotes a direct object (divisible substance), which is partially covered by the action (such a genitive case is called a disjunctive case), for example: But you are right: it’s better to drink (what?) tea (seagull is an addition); b) with transitive verbs with negation not (genitive in negation), for example: But he did not consider (what?) persons (persons-addition);
• the dative form of the direct object with the preposition po (dative distributive), for example: give an orange, plant a tree, take an apple.

Complements expressed by forms of other cases, are called indirect, for example: A forester shot a bear (a bear is an addition). Tikhonov took a gun and carefully approached the lying person (addition to the lying person).

Circumstance

Circumstance - a minor member of the sentence, which denotes the place, direction, time, reason, purpose, condition, image and degree of action; characterizes the usually predicate and answers the questions where? where? where? when? why? why? as? under what condition? and etc.

According to their meaning, circumstances are traditionally divided into circumstances of place, time, cause, purpose, condition, concession, image and degree of action. Circumstances are expressed by adverbs, nouns in oblique cases with prepositions or syntactically indivisible combinations: an adverb with a noun and a cardinal numeral with a noun.

Types of circumstances

• circumstances of the place indicate the place of action or location of the object, the direction of movement and answer the questions where? where? where?. They refer to a verb-predicate or another member of a sentence denoting an action or state;
• circumstances of time indicate the time of the action, its beginning, duration or end and answers the questions when? since when? How long? how long?;
• circumstances of the course of action indicate the quality or mode of action and state, answer the questions how? how?;
• degree circumstances actions give a quantitative characteristic of an action or feature, answer the question how much? to what extent? in what degree?;
• circumstances reasons indicate the cause or reason, the basis of the action or sign and answer the questions why? from what? due to what? why? for what reason?;
• target circumstance indicate the purpose of the action and answer the questions why? for what? for what purpose?;
• circumstances conditions indicate the prerequisite, the condition under which the described event occurs, answer the question under what condition?;
• assignment circumstances indicate a condition in spite of which an event takes place, and answer questions contrary to what? in spite of what?