Go Mo-jo(b. 11/16/1892, Shawan city, Leshan county, Sichuan province), Chinese scientist, historian, writer. Coming from a landowner family. In 1923 he graduated from the Faculty of Medicine of Kyushu University (Japan). Participant Revolutions 1925-27 in China . In 1928-37 he lived in exile in Japan, where he studied ancient Chinese history. During the anti-Japanese war 1937-45 he was in political work in armed forces ah Kuomintang government. Since 1949, President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, since 1954, Deputy Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National Congress of Party Representatives. In April 1969, at the 9th Congress of the CPC, a member of the CPC Central Committee was elected. Published since 1919. He was one of the organizers and leaders (1921) of the literary society “Creativity” and the “All-China Association of Literary and Artistic Workers to Repel the Enemy.” Early poetry is represented by the collections “Goddesses” (1921) and “Starry Space” (1923), which are characterized by anti-feudal sentiments and revolutionary romanticism. Poems of subsequent years were included in the collections “Vase” (1927), “Return” (1928), “Voice of War” (1938) and “Cicadas” (1948). After the formation of the People's Republic of China (1949), the collections “Hymn to the New China” (1953) and “Let All Flowers Bloom” (1958) were published. Plays by G. M.-zh. written on historical and patriotic themes (“Tiger Sign”, 1942, etc.). In the works of G. M.-zh. In history, a large place is devoted to the question of the existence of a slave society in China, the decipherment and interpretation of various ancient inscriptions. Critical, journalistic articles and memoirs of G. M.-zh. included in the books “Today and Tomorrow” (1949), “Boiling” (1950), “Song of the Raging Wave” (1959), “Travel Notes about the USSR” (1946). Translated into Chinese “The German Ideology” by K. Marx and F. Engels, “Towards Criticism political economy"K. Marx, part of "War and Peace" by L. N. Tolstoy, "Faust" by J. V. Goethe; was the first to translate poems by V.V. Mayakovsky and other Soviet poets.
Works: Mo Ruo Wenji, vol. 1-8, Beijing, 1957-59; Zhongguo gudai shehui yanjiu, 2nd ed., Beijing, 1954; Jiagu wenzi yanjiu, 2nd ed., Beijing, 1954; Jinwen Tsongkao, Beijing, 1954; Wenshi Longji, Beijing, 1961; in Russian lane - Soch., vol. 1-3, M., 1958; The era of the slave system, M., 1956; Bronze Age, M., 1959; Philosophers of ancient China (Ten critical articles), M., 1961.
Lit.: Fedorenko N. T., Chinese literature, M., 1956; Markova S. D., Poetic creativity of Go Mo-zho, M., 1961; Tsybina E. A., Dramaturgy of Go Mo-jo during the anti-Japanese war (1937-1945), M., 1961.
L.I.Duman, S.D.Markova.
Great Soviet Encyclopedia M.: "Soviet Encyclopedia", 1969-1978
GO MO-JO
Mo-jo (b. November 16, 1892, Shawan city, Leshan county, Sichuan province), Chinese scientist, historian, writer. Coming from a landowner family. In 1923 he graduated from the Faculty of Medicine of Kyushu University (Japan). Participant of the Revolution of 1925-27 in China. In 1928-37 he lived in exile in Japan, where he studied ancient Chinese history. During the anti-Japanese war of 1937-45, he was engaged in political work in the armed forces of the Kuomintang government. Since 1949, President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, since 1954, Deputy Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National Congress of Party Representatives. In April 1969, at the 9th Congress of the CPC, a member of the CPC Central Committee was elected. Published since 1919. He was one of the organizers and leaders (1921) of the literary society "Creativity" and the "All-China Association of Literary and Artistic Workers to Repel the Enemy." Early poetry is represented by the collections “Goddesses” (1921) and “Starry Space” (1923), which are characterized by anti-feudal sentiments and revolutionary romanticism. Poems of subsequent years were included in the collections “Vase” (1927), “Return” (1928), “Voice of War” (1938) and “Cicadas” (1948). After the formation of the People's Republic of China (1949), the collections "Hymn to the New China" (1953) and "Let All Flowers Bloom" (1958) were published. Plays by G. M.-zh. written on historical and patriotic themes ("Tiger Sign", 1942, etc.). In the works of G. M.-zh. In history, a large place is devoted to the question of the existence of a slave society in China, the decipherment and interpretation of various ancient inscriptions. Critical, journalistic articles and memoirs of G. M.-zh. included in the books “Today and Tomorrow” (1949), “Boiling” (1950), “Song of the Raging Wave” (1959), “Travel Notes about the USSR” (1946). Translated into Chinese “German Ideology” by K. Marx and F. Engels, “Towards a Critique of Political Economy” by K. Marx, part of “War and Peace” by L. N. Tolstoy, “Faust” by J. V. Goethe; was the first to translate poems by V.V. Mayakovsky and other Soviet poets.
Works: Mo Ruo Wenji, vol. 1-8, Beijing, 1957-59; Zhongguo gudai shehui yanjiu, 2nd ed., Beijing, 1954; Jiagu wenzi yanjiu, 2nd ed., Beijing, 1954; Jinwen Tsongkao, Beijing, 1954; Wenshi Longji, Beijing, 1961; in Russian lane - Soch., vol. 1-3, M., 1958; The era of the slave system, M., 1956; Bronze Age, M., 1959; Philosophers of ancient China (Ten critical articles), M., 1961.
Lit.: Fedorenko N. T., Chinese literature, M., 1956; Markova S. D., Poetic creativity of Go Mo-zho, M., 1961; Tsybina E. A., Dramaturgy of Go Mo-jo during the anti-Japanese war (1937-1945), M., 1961.
L. I. Duman, S. D. Markova.
Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB. 2012
See also interpretations, synonyms, meanings of the word and what GO MO-ZHO is in Russian in dictionaries, encyclopedias and reference books:
- GO in the Encyclopedia Japan from A to Z:
- board game. It is played by two players; the game is played on a board with 19 vertical and 19... - MO
- JO in the Big Encyclopedic Dictionary:
- GO in the Big Encyclopedic Dictionary:
- GO V Encyclopedic Dictionary Brockhaus and Euphron:
a popular game among the Japanese; invented by the Chinese two thousand centuries BC. and became the favorite national game in Japan. ... - GO in the Modern Encyclopedic Dictionary:
- GO
a game played by two partners with lenticular checkers on a square board (goban). Originated in Ancient China about 4 thousand years ago. The most common... - GO in the Encyclopedic Dictionary:
uncl., p. A game of black and white stones (circles) on a board intersected by horizontal and vertical lines at 361 points. | G. … - GO in the Encyclopedic Dictionary:
, uncl., cf. A game played with black and white stones (circles) on a board intersected by horizontal and vertical lines at 361 points. Competitions … - MO
DI, see Mo Tzu... - MO in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
The name of the electrical unit used in some countries. conductivity equal to the conductivity of a conductor with a resistance of 1 Ohm, i.e. mo=Ohm -1. Common name... - GO in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
SI (ca. 1020 - ca. 1090), Chinese. painter and art theorist. Majesty monochrome mountain landscapes (“Village on a High Mountain”) were made… - GO in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
MOJO (1892-1978), China. historian, writer. Pres. Academy of Sciences of China (since 1949). Basic tr. about Dr. China. Poems, novels, ... - GO in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
a game played by two partners with lenticular checkers on a square board (goban). Originated in Dr. China approx. 4 thousand years ago. Naib. widespread... - GO
Dr. Chinese... - GO in the Dictionary for solving and composing scanwords:
Oval... - MO
- GO in the dictionary of Synonyms of the Russian language.
- GO in the New Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language by Efremova:
- GO
th, uncl., p. ... - GO in Lopatin’s Dictionary of the Russian Language:
[ge`o], uncl., w. (abbr.: civil... - GO
GO [geo], uncl., g. (abbr.: civil... - GO full spelling dictionary Russian language:
th, uncl., p. ... - GO in the Spelling Dictionary:
th, uncl., p. ... - GO in the Spelling Dictionary:
go [ge`o], uncl., w. (abbr.: civil... - GO in Ozhegov’s Dictionary of the Russian Language:
a game of black and white stones (circles) on a board intersected by horizontal and vertical lines at 361 points Competitions in ... - GO in Dahl's Dictionary:
more commonly used with repetition, gogo, gogogo, with aspirated pronunciation of the letter g; intl. amazement, wow, wow; sometimes a simple call, aho, ... - MO
used in some countries is the name of the unit of electrical conductivity equal to the conductivity of a conductor with a resistance of 1 Ohm, i.e. Mo = Ohm-1. Generally accepted... - JO in Modern explanatory dictionary, TSB:
mythical tree of the ancient Chinese; grows in the west near the city of Kunlun and takes on the setting... - GO in the Modern Explanatory Dictionary, TSB:
a game played by two partners with lenticular checkers on a square board (goban). Originated in Dr. China approx. 4 thousand years ago. The most common... - GO in Ephraim's Explanatory Dictionary:
intl. 1) decomposition Usage when indicating the cry of geese (usually with repetition). 2) transfer up-down Usage when denoting loud, rude laughter... - GO in the New Dictionary of the Russian Language by Efremova:
intl. 1. decompression Used to denote the cry of geese (usually with repetition). 2. transfer up-down Used to denote loud, rude laughter... - GO in the Large Modern Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language:
I uncl. and. A popular board game for two partners, which originated in China and became widespread in Japan, the goal of which is ... - ZHO (ZHOMU) in the Directory of Miracles, unusual phenomena, UFOs and other things:
in ancient Chinese myths, a sacred tree growing near Mount Kunlun, between the Black and Green rivers in western China. According to legend, the tree... - CREBILLON (SON), CLAUDE PROSPER JO-LIO in Dates of birth and death of famous people:
(1707-1777) - French ... - GU-MO-JO in the Literary Encyclopedia:
one of the most talented contemporary young writers and poets in China. Originally from Sichuan Province. Founded in 1922 together with Yu-Da-fu... - EVDOKIMOV, MIKHAIL SERGEEVICH in the Wiki Quote Book:
Data: 2009-06-08 Time: 15:11:39 Evdokimov, Mikhail Sergeevich - (December 6, 1957 - August 7, 2005) - ... - DIAMOND HAND in Wiki Quotebook:
Data: 2009-06-24 Time: 10:33:05 * - Knem marge? - Knyom! * - Who-E-R-T Po-Bye-Ri! * - Croc es cousteau benzhlak... - ANATOLY DMITRIEVICH PAPANOV in the Wiki Quote Book:
Data: 2009-06-10 Time: 13:14:17 * I see the unity of creativity in the art of theater, cinema, television, and pop. Four muses, and you are alone... ... - BERENGARIUS II in the Directory of Characters and Cult Objects of Greek Mythology:
King of Italy in 950-962945, he heard that many in Italy were dissatisfied with Hugo, recruited an army from the Germans and crossed... - ABU NIDAL ORGANIZATION in the Historical Directory of Terrorism and Terrorists:
(Fatah Revolutionary Council, Arab Revolutionary Council, Arab Revolutionary Brigades, Black September, Revolutionary Organization of Socialist Muslims) - OAN. One of the most dangerous... - BERENGARIUS II in biographies of Monarchs:
King of Italy in 950-962. Berengarius, Margrave of the Jews, enjoyed great influence in Lombardy. King Hugo, fearing his machinations, wanted to kill... - INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF REVOLUTIONARY WRITERS in the Literary Encyclopedia:
[MORP, formerly the International Bureau of Revolutionary Literature] is an organization that unites proletarian and revolutionary literary forces around the world. According to this … - CHINESE LITERATURE in the Literary Encyclopedia.
- THE USSR. BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION
references Alekseevsky Evgeniy Evgenievich (b. 1906), Minister of Land Reclamation and Water Management of the USSR since 1965, Hero of Socialist Labor (1976). Member of the CPSU with... - CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
Academy of Sciences (AS), Academy of Sciences of the People's Republic of China, the country's highest scientific institution, coordinating research in all branches of science, as well as directing many... - CHINA in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB.
- YIN in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
or Shang, the name of the first reliable era in the history of the Chinese people and the early state in China (16-11 centuries BC). Last... - MILITARY RANKS in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
military, ranks personally assigned to each serviceman and person liable for military service of the armed forces in accordance with their official position, military or special training, ...
In 1924 he began to move to the position of “revolutionary literature”, which is reflected in the collection of poems “Qian Mao” (“Vanguard”), and in 1926-1927 he participated in civil war as political commissar of the revolutionary troops. After the defeat of the revolution, he emigrated to Japan (1928-1937). There he mainly studied ancient history, writing and philosophy of China, while simultaneously writing four volumes of memoirs about his life in literature and politics.
Returning to his homeland at the beginning of the war with Japan, Go Mo-jo, with the assistance of the communists, occupied important positions in the political department of the national government. army, then became chairman. Committee for Cultural Affairs in Chongqing, the temporary capital of the country. In the beginning. 40s created six large ist. plays with obvious topical overtones, of which the most famous is the tragedy “Qu Yuan” about the great patriotic poet of antiquity. During the war years, he also published collections of poems “Zhan Sheng” (“Voices of War”) and “Tiaotang” (“Tsika-dy”), as well as many works. in other genres. After the surrender of Japan, he participated in the struggle for the democratization of China and against government terror. In 1948 he moved to the liberated areas.
In the PRC, Guo Mo-jo became one of the most prominent societies. figures, holding positions of chairman. All-China Association of Literary and Art Workers, President of the Academy of Sciences, member. leadership of the NPC, etc., often spoke abroad. And yet, in the first period of the People's Republic of China, he published several more collections of poetry, two sources. dramas (“Tsai Wen-ji” and “Wu Tse-tien”), and quite a few journalistic works. and scientific works. However, in 1966, he publicly renounced everything he had written, approved the “cultural revolution,” and became part of the purged CCP leadership. And already at the very end of his life he managed to “welcome the fall of the “gang of four”” (i.e., the top organizers of the “cultural revolution”).
Sources:
Go Mo-jo. Selected works / Intro. Art. and general ed. N. Fedorenko; note V. Petrova. M., 1955; aka. Works: In 3 volumes / Comp., total. ed. and entry Art. N.T. Fedorenko. M., 1958; aka. Works: Poems. Dramas. Novels and stories / Comp. and entry Art. N. Fedorenko. M., 1990; aka. [Poems] // Poetry and prose of 20th century China. About the past for the future: Sat. M., 2002.
Literature:
ZhelohovtsevAN. Guo Mo-jo - a “hero” or a victim of the “cultural revolution”? // MDV. 1982, No. 1, p. 147-153; aka. On assessing the personality and creativity of Go Mo-zho // IB. 1982, No. 3, part 2, p. 350—380; aka. The latest historical plays by Go Mo-jo // III NK OGK. 1972, p. 437-445; Markova S.D. Guo Mo-jo - a pioneer of new Chinese poetry and world culture // East-Russia-West: Historical and cultural studies. M., 2001, p. 461-472; she is the same. Poetic creativity of Go Mo-jo. M., 1961; Tikhvinsky S.L. My meetings with Go Mo-jo // PDV. 2002, No. 5, p. 143-147; aka. The first president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences // Vestn. RAS. 2002, vol. 72, no. 11, p. 1001-1007; Fedorenko N.T. Age of Go Mo-jo // NNI. 1993, no. 4, p. 123-130; Tsybina E.A. Drama of Go Mo-jo during the anti-Japanese war. M., 1961; Guo Mo-jo zhu and xinyan mulu (Index of works and translations of Guo Mo-jo for 1949-1979). Shanghai, 1980; Guo Mo-jo yanjiu (Study of the life and work of Guo Mo-jo): In 3 volumes. Beijing, 1985-1987; Qin Chuan-yu. Guo Mo-zhuo pinzhuan (Critical biography of Guo Mo-zhuo). Chongqing, 1993; Zhang Yu-mao. Yangguang didai di men: Guo Mo-jo xinge yu fenge (Dream of a sunny land: The character and style of creativity of Guo Mo-jo). Beijing, 1993; Roy D.T. Kuo Mo-jo: The Early Years. Cambr. (Mass.), 1971.
Art. publ.: Spiritual culture of China: encyclopedia: in 5 volumes / Ch. ed. M.L. Titarenko; Institute Far East. - M.: Vost. lit., 2006 - . T. 3. Literature. Language and writing / ed. M.L. Titarenko et al. - 2008. - 855 p. pp. 271-272.
GO MOJO(1892–1978), Chinese thinker and writer. Born on November 16, 1892 in the small town of Shawan, Leshan County, Sichuan Province, into the family of an impoverished landowner. Already in his childhood, Guo Mozhuo showed great interest in fine literature and knew by heart many poems of Chinese classics. Graduated in 1912 high school in Chengdu, Guo Mozhuo in June 1913 stood entrance exams and was accepted into the Tokyo High School, where he studied Japanese. Later he transferred to the medical faculty of the School. His years of study in Japan included his acquaintance with Western and Japanese culture, with the poetry of Hein and Goethe, with Schiller, Shakespeare, and Ibsen. William Whitman made a huge impression on him.
In 1919, the patriotic May 4th Movement in China brought new trends to Chinese literature. The beginning is also associated with the literary revolution creative activity Guo Mojo. His first poems were published in the journal “Light of Science” (Syuden). In 1921, together with his fellow students in Japan, Guo Mozhuo created the famous literary group “Creativity” (Chuanzao she). The members of the group are united by rejection of social reality, revolutionary romantic pathos, condemnation of utilitarianism in literature, worship of nature, the cult of suffering, and the idea of “self-expression of the soul.” But, of course, the named features only approximately characterized such different poets, prose writers, playwrights as Guo Mozhuo, Cheng Fanwu, Yu Dafu and others included in the “Creativity”. Aspiration to a bright future was the most striking feature of Chinese progressive romanticism, and the poetry of Guo Mozhuo became its exponent.
At the beginning of the 20s, one after another, collections of poetry were published in China in a language close to colloquial, marking the beginning new era in the history of Chinese poetry. Goddesses immediately put Guo Mozhuo among the popular authors, especially among young people. Goddesses(1921) is the most significant book of the May 4th Movement period and all Chinese poetry of modern times. It clearly demonstrated the common tendencies of Chinese romantic poetry to synthesize the traditional and innovative, classical and modern, Chinese and Western European. Guo Mozhuo combined epic and lyricism, poetry and prose. He introduced mythological subjects and traditional images into the narrative, but often reinterpreted from a modern perspective. Goddesses They are distinguished by a variety of forms and rhythms unprecedented in Chinese literature until that time.
The central work of the collection were plays in verse Second birth of the goddess And Nirvana Phoenix in which the main motive was confidence in the victory of the forces of reason and light.
In the next collection of poems Star space reflected the disappointment that befell the author, caused by the terrible remoteness of a wonderful future and the confusion of a person detached from illusions. In 1925, Guo Mojo published an elegant and heartfelt collection of love lyrics Vase.
During the years of emigration, after the defeat of the revolution of 1925–1927, Guo Mozhuo devoted himself entirely to history and archeology, and to the study of monuments ancient culture China. In 1937–1945, during the war against Japan, Guo Mozhuo headed the All-China Association of Literary and Artistic Workers to Repel the Enemy. A collection of poems belongs to this period (1938) Voice of War.
Author of many plays, mainly historical ones ( Wild plum flowers, Death of an Innocent in the Xiang River, Three rebels) during the war creates new historical tragedies Tiger sign, Gao Jianli.
During the years of Resistance and during the Great Patriotic War The USSR against Nazi Germany in the poetry of Guo Mozhuo there is a theme Soviet Union. In 1946 he published travel notes IN THE USSR.
After the proclamation of the People's Republic of China, he became involved in the work of creating a new culture of the victorious people. In the 1950s, a number of his poetry collections appeared, among them Let all the flowers bloom, - a name that turned into a slogan (Let a hundred flowers bloom, let a hundred schools compete), under which Mao Zedong proclaimed in 1957 a campaign to increase publicity and criticism of Baihua Yundong. The theme of the struggle for peace becomes dominant in the poet’s work. In 1951 he became a laureate of the International Lenin Prize “For Strengthening Peace Between Nations.” Since 1949 he has been president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Go Mo-jo
Philosophers of Ancient China ("Ten Critical Articles")
Translation from Chinese. General edition and afterword by N.T. Fedorenko
M.: Foreign Literature Publishing House, 1961. - 738 p.
DJVU 11 MB
Quality: scanned pages + text layer + table of contents
Russian language
The work of the famous Chinese scientist and historian of philosophy, President of the Academy of Sciences of the People's Republic of China, Guo Mo-jo, is directly adjacent to his other work, “The Bronze Age” (published in Moscow in 1959), which provides a deep analysis of the history and ideology of ancient China.
In a number of substantive articles, the author critically evaluates traditional ideas about philosophy in ancient China and ancient Chinese ideology and offers his interpretation of some of its important problems. Guo Mo-jo analyzes the philosophical teachings of ancient China: Confucianism, Moism, Taoism, Legalism, Nominalism. He shows the ideological struggle both between supporters of different teachings and between adherents of the same teaching, paying special attention to the struggle of materialism with idealism, identifying the naive materialistic and spontaneously dialectical views of thinkers of ancient China.
The book is intended for historians of philosophy, historians, literary critics and anyone interested in the history of Chinese culture.
Content
I. About the mistakes I made when studying ancient society.
II. Criticism of Confucius and Mo Di.
III. Criticism of the Eight Confucian Schools.
IV. Criticism of the Huang-Lao group from Jixia.
V. Criticism of Chuang Tzu.
VI. Criticism of Xunzi.
VII. Criticism of nominalists.
VIII. Criticism of the early legalists
IX. Criticism of Han Feizi.
X. Criticism of Lu Bu-wei and Qin Shi-huang.
Afterword.
Afterword.
Shadows of the Lizards
Editor's Afterword
